Histórias da Geologia

Este blog pretende ser um espaço de reflexão sobre a evolução do conhecimento geológico ao longo dos tempos, principalmente a partir do século XVII, não esquecendo porém as pequenas histórias que fazem a grande história

sábado, maio 20, 2006

1783 - o Annus Mirabilis

É comum, ao lerem-se textos antigos, encontrar referências a períodos de tempo nos quais se registaram acontecimentos considerados, à época, como 'extraordinários', 'misteriosos', 'curiosos', 'prodigiosos', etc. Toda uma longa série de adjectivos poderiam ser aqui recordados!

O ano de 1783 foi um desses anos, a nível da Europa, designado por isso como Annus Mirabilis. O Verão foi extremamente quente e o Inverno um dos mais rigorosos que há memória. Mas em termos geológicos o que aconteceu de extraordinário neste ano de 1783? Os vulcões Etna, Stromboli e Vesúvio entraram em erupção, assim como o Asama no Japão. Tremores de terra foram sentidos na Calábria. Mas, o principal acontecimento foi a erupção do Laki na Islândia. Uma enorme erupção de tipo fissural que decorreu de Junho de 1783 a Fevereiro de 1784.

Em Agosto de 1783, Mourge de Montendron relatva na Academia Real de Montpellier algumas das observação que tinha realizado. Os feitos não foram unicamente locais, eles afectaram a Europa, devido a emanações que se concentraram nas camadas baixas da atmosfera (http://www.ipgp.jussieu.fr/~alchenet/Movie.html). É mesmo possível colocar em evidência um aumento na taxa de mortalidade, em Inglaterra e França, neste período.

Consultar: Chenet, A.L., Fluteua, F. e Courtillot, V., 2005, 'Modelling massive sulphate aerosol pollution, following the large 1783 Laki basaltic eruption'.(http://www.ipgp.jussieu.fr/~alchenet/)

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